Former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte arrived at Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) on March 11, 2025, after concluding his trip to Hong Kong. His return was met with heightened security measures, following reports that the International Criminal Court (ICC) had issued a warrant for his arrest in connection with his controversial war on drugs.
Duterte’s anti-drug campaign, which began in 2016, has faced intense international scrutiny. Official Philippine government reports indicate that around 6,200 individuals were killed during anti-drug operations. However, human rights organizations claim that the actual number exceeds 12,000, with many victims allegedly being innocent civilians caught in the crossfire. The ICC’s investigation aims to examine allegations of extrajudicial killings and possible crimes against humanity related to the campaign.
While in Hong Kong, Duterte addressed a gathering of overseas Filipino workers, where he acknowledged the possibility of facing legal action but remained defiant. “You will just have to kill me. Hindi ako papayag kung kakampi ka riyan sa mga puti,” he declared, expressing his resistance to foreign intervention. His remarks signaled his unwillingness to cooperate with the ICC’s investigation.
The Philippine government’s stance on the ICC has evolved over time. Under Duterte’s administration, the country withdrew from the ICC in 2019, asserting that the court no longer had jurisdiction over the Philippines. However, the ICC maintains that it retains authority to investigate crimes committed while the Philippines was still a member. The administration of President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. has suggested a more cooperative approach, stating that it would consider working with the ICC if an official arrest warrant were issued.
Duterte’s return has sparked varied reactions. His supporters argue that his anti-drug policies helped curb criminal activities and improved public safety. On the other hand, his critics insist that the campaign led to serious human rights violations, including the denial of due process to thousands of individuals. The potential for Duterte’s arrest has reignited discussions on accountability and justice in the Philippines.
Senator Christopher “Bong” Go, a long-time ally of Duterte, confirmed that the Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG) had taken the former president into custody upon his arrival. This development underscores the seriousness of the situation and suggests that the Philippine government may be moving toward compliance with international legal proceedings.
The unfolding events surrounding Duterte’s potential arrest could have significant consequences for Philippine politics. The Duterte and Marcos families, both powerful political dynasties, have recently experienced growing tensions. Duterte’s daughter, former Vice President Sara Duterte, resigned from Marcos Jr.’s cabinet, hinting at internal political rifts. With the upcoming midterm elections, the ICC’s actions could influence public opinion and voter sentiment.
As the world watches closely, the Philippines faces a critical juncture in determining how it will navigate the balance between domestic political interests and international legal obligations. The outcome of Duterte’s case will not only shape his legacy but could also set a precedent for addressing human rights violations by national leaders on a global scale.