What are the novels of Jose Rizal and his other works?
JOSE RIZAL NOVELS – The Philippines’ national hero has fought for freedom through his words, and here are some of his works.
The Philippines’ transformation was greatly affected by the works and writings of heroes who fought for our country’s freedom. One of them is Jose Rizal, a figure in the country considered our national hero. He was smart and had his ways of fighting for the country, through his pen and paper.
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo are his two novels that showed and described what life was like under the Spaniard government. The abuses were disclosed, and these novels have awakened national consciousness and inspired resistance to colonial rule. They exposed social injustices and corruption that eventually inspired revolutionary leaders like Andrés Bonifacio and Emilio Aguinaldo.
More importantly, it challenged the Spanish authority. The Spanish government and church banned Rizal’s novels; however, the books circulated secretly and were widely read, symbolizing resistance.
Apart from Noli and El Fili, he also wrote Makamisa (After Mass), but it was not finished.
His plays were:
- El Consejo de los Dioses (The Council of the Gods)
- Junta Al Pasig (Along the Pasig)
- San Euistaquio, Mártyr (Saint Eustache, the martyr)
- Por Telefono (By Phone)
His poems are:
- “Farewell to 1883”
- “Por la Educación Recibe Lustre la Patria” (Through Education Is the Nation Glorified)
- “Sa Aking mga Kabata” (To My Fellow Youth)
- “Mi último adiós” (My Last Farewell)
- “Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo”
- “Felicitation”
- “Flower Among Flowers”
- “Goodbye to Leonor”
- “Himno Al Trabajo” (Dalit sa Paggawa; Hymn to Labor)
- “Himno Al Talisay” (Hymn to Talisay)
- “Kundiman”
- “Mi Retiro”
- “El Canto del Viajero” (The Song of the Wanderer)
- “To the Child Jesus”
- “To the Virgin Mary”
- “Agua y Fiego” (Water and Fire)
- “Me Piden Versos” (They Asked Me for Verses)
His letters and petitions are:
- Tribute to Blumentritt (written on the day of Rizal’s execution)
- Sa Mga Kababaihang Taga Malolos (To the Young Women of Malolos)
- A los Filipinos (To the Filipinos)
- Rizal’s Letters (composed of correspondence to Blumentritt, Father Pablo Pastells, Marcelo del Pilar, and other activists)
His articles and essays are:
- “El Amor Patrio” (The Love of Country)
- “Come se gobiernan las Filipinas” (Governing the Philippine islands)
- “Revista De Madrid” (Review of Madrid)
- “Los Viajes” (Travels)
- “La Verdad Para Todos” (The Truth for All)
- “Unfortunate Philippines”
- “Pensamientos De Un Filipino” (Reflections of a Filipino)
- “Note on the Maremagnum”
- “Los Agricultores Filipinos” (Filipino Farmers)
- “Sa Mga Kababayan” (To My Countrymen)
- “Una Visita A La Victoria Gaol” (A Visit to Victoria Gaol)
- “A La Defensa” (To La Defensa)
- “How to Deceive the Native Land”
- “To Barrantes on the Tagalog Theater”
- “Una Profanacion” (A Desecration/A Profanation)
- “Verdades Nuevas” (New Facts/New Truths)
- “Crueldad” (Cruelty)
- “Diferencias” (Differences)
- “Inconsequencias” (Inconsequences)
- “Llanto Y Risas” (Tears and Laughter)
- “Ingratitudes” (Ingratitude)
- “Cosas de Filipinas” (Things About the Philippines)
- “Sobre La Nueva Ortografia De La Lengua Tagala” (On The New Orthography of The Tagalog Language)
- “A La Nacion Espanola” (To the Spanish Nation)
- “Defensa Del Noli” (Reply to Barrantes’ Criticism of the Noli Me Tangere)
- “Nameless”
- “Let Us be Just”
- “Philippine Affairs”
- “More on the Negros Affair”
- “Cowardly Revenge”
- “A Reply to Mr. Isabelo de los Reyes’ Las Luchas de Nuestros Dias”
- “How the Philippines is Governed”
- “On the Calamba Incidents”
- “Ang Mga Karapatan Ng Tao” (The Rights Of Man)
- “Executives of the town of Calamba”
- “Colonisation Du British North Borneo, Par De Familles De Iles Philippines” (Colonization Of British North Borneo By Families From The Philippine Islands)
- “Proyecto De Colonization Del British North Borneo Por Los Filipinos” (Project Of The Colonization Of British North Borneo By The Filipinos)
- “La Instruccion” (The Town Schools in the Philippines)
- “La Mano Roja” (The Red Hand)
- “Pobres Frailes” (Poor Friars)
- “By-laws of the Association of Dapitan Farmers”
- “Date for My Defense”
- “Additions to My Defense”
- “Manifesto to some Filipinos”
- “The Philippines as a Spanish Colony”
- “Notes on Melanesia, Malaysia, and Polynesia”
- “Constitution of La Liga Filipina”
- “La Vision Del Fray Rodriguez” (The Vision of Fr. Rodriguez)
- “Estado de religiosidad de los pueblos en Filipinas” (The Religiosity of the Filipino People)